Isotopic techniques to measure N2O, N2 and their sources

verfasst von

M. Zaman, K. Kleineidam, L. Bakken, J. Berendt, C. Bracken, K. Butterbach-Bahl, Z. Cai, S. X. Chang, T. Clough, K. Dawar, W. X. Ding, P. Dörsch, M. dos Reis Martins, C. Eckhardt, S. Fiedler, T. Frosch, J. Goopy, C. M. Görres, A. Gupta, S. Henjes, M. E.G. Hofmann, M. A. Horn, M. M.R. Jahangir, A. Jansen-Willems, K. Lenhart, L. Heng, D. Lewicka-Szczebak, G. Lucic, L. Merbold, J. Mohn, L. Molstad, G. Moser, P. Murphy, A. Sanz-Cobena, M. Šimek, S. Urquiaga, R. Well, N. Wrage-Mönnig, S. Zaman, J. Zhang, C. Müller

Abstract

GHG emissions are usually the result of several simultaneous processes. Furthermore, some gases such as N2 are very difficult to quantify and require special techniques. Therefore, in this chapter, the focus is on stable isotope methods. Both natural abundance techniques and enrichment techniques are used. Especially in the last decade, a number of methodological advances have been made. Thus, this chapter provides an overview and description of a number of current state-of-theart techniques, especially techniques using the stable isotope 15N. Basic principles and recent advances of the 15N gas flux method are presented to quantify N2 fluxes, but also the latest isotopologue and isotopomer methods to identify pathways for N2O production. The second part of the chapter is devoted to 15N tracing techniques, the theoretical background and recent methodological advances. A range of different methods is presented from analytical to numerical tools to identify and quantify pathway-specific N2O emissions. While this chapter is chiefly concerned with gaseous N emissions, a lot of the techniques can also be applied to other gases such as methane (CH4), as outlined in Sect. 5.3.

Organisationseinheit(en)

Institut für Mikrobiologie

Externe Organisation(en)

Internationale Atomenergie-Organisation (IAEA)
Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU)
Universität Rostock
University College Dublin
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
CAS - Institute of Atmospheric Physics
International Livestock Research Institute
Nanjing Normal University
University of Alberta
Lincoln University
NWFP Agricultural University
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Embrapa - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Hochschule Geisenheim University
Independent Consultant
Picarro B.V., Eindhoven
Bangladesh Agricultural University
Fachhochschule Münster
University of Wrocław
Picarro, Inc.
Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt (EMPA)
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)
University of South Bohemia
Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei
Universität Canterbury

Typ

Beitrag in Buch/Sammelwerk

Seiten

213-301

Anzahl der Seiten

89

Publikationsdatum

30.01.2021

Publikationsstatus

Veröffentlicht

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Umweltwissenschaften (insg.), Ingenieurwesen (insg.), Agrar- und Biowissenschaften (insg.)

Elektronische Version(en)

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55396-8_7 (Zugang: Offen)